Irrigating at Low Pressure

Drip systems usually run at (relatively) high pressure. A garden hose is low pressure. Another way to say this is to say that in a garden hose the pressure declines all the way from the spigot to the hose exit. The water is at high pressure at the spigot, say 35 psi, and at zero pressure when it exits the hose. I call this a low pressure system. In a high pressure system the water pressure is high anywhere inside the piping, dropping to zero through the emitters.

A low pressure system has two consequences to deal with. First, if the system has a lot of exits and a complex of Y connections like mine, then the flow in each branch has to be balanced. Requires tuning valves across the system. Second, instead of each exit producing a slow drip they tend to shoot a jet of water that erodes soil and dislodges seedlings. I use a simple hose timer for my high-pressure non-drip system.

The problem, then, is fast jet-like flow from skinny hoses. I solve that with a little 3D-printed diffusers that converts the fast stream from a skinny hose into a steady and gentle flow.

Printed hose diffuser.

The plant in Peppers, the Container Harvest was watered using these. I put the design on Printables for those who wish to print. I print with PET-G, which works though it is fragile. I would love to try ASA; I think it would be stronger.

Flow diffuser with cross-section.